@article {38135,
	title = {Biological agent detection technologies},
	journal = {Molecular Ecology ResourcesMolecular Ecology Resources},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2009},
	type = {10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02632.x},
	abstract = {The challenge for first responders, physicians in the emergency room, public health personnel, as well as for food manufacturers, distributors and retailers is accurate and reliable identification of pathogenic agents and their corresponding diseases. This is the weakest point in biological agent detection capability today.There is intense research for new molecular detection technologies that could be used for very accurate detection of pathogens that would be a concern to first responders. These include the need for sensors for multiple applications as varied as understanding the ecology of pathogenic micro-organisms, forensics, environmental sampling for detect-to-treat applications, biological sensors for {\textquoteleft}detect to warn{\textquoteright} in infrastructure protection, responses to reports of {\textquoteleft}suspicious powders{\textquoteright}, and customs and borders enforcement, to cite a few examples. The benefits of accurate detection include saving millions of dollars annually by reducing disruption of the workforce and the national economy and improving delivery of correct countermeasures to those who are most in need of the information to provide protective and/or response measures.},
	keywords = {barcoding, biological agent, DETECTION, identification, sequencing},
	isbn = {1755-0998},
	author = {Jakupciak, John P. and Rita R. Colwell}
}
@article {38202,
	title = {Determination of relationships among non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor strains from housekeeping gene sequences and ribotype patterns},
	journal = {Research in MicrobiologyResearch in Microbiology},
	volume = {160},
	year = {2009},
	type = {10.1016/j.resmic.2008.10.008},
	abstract = {Sequencing of three housekeeping genes, mdh, dnaE and recA, and ribotyping for seven non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated from different geographic sources indicate a phylogenetic relationship among the strains. Results of MLST and ribotyping indicate a clear difference between three toxigenic strains (N16961, O395, and 569B) and three non-toxigenic strains from India (GS1, GS2, and GW87) and one Guam strain (X392), the latter of which were similar in both MLST and ribotyping, while two other non-toxigenic strains from the USA and India (2740-80 and OR69) appeared to be more closely related to toxigenic strains than to non-toxigenic strains, although this was not supported by ribotyping. These results provide clues to the emergence of toxigenic strains from a non-toxigenic progenitor by acquisition of virulence gene clusters. Results of split decomposition analysis suggest that widespread recombination occurs among the three housekeeping genes and that recombination plays an important role in the emergence of toxigenic strains of V. cholerae O1.},
	keywords = {Housekeeping genes, Ribotyping, sequencing, Vibrio cholerae},
	isbn = {0923-2508},
	author = {Mohapatra, Saswat S. and Ramachandran, Dhanya and Mantri, Chinmay K. and Rita R. Colwell and Singh, Durg V.}
}
