@article {49728,
	title = {Predicting selective drug targets in cancer through metabolic networks.},
	journal = {Mol Syst Biol},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2011},
	month = {2011},
	pages = {501},
	abstract = {<p>The interest in studying metabolic alterations in cancer and their potential role as novel targets for therapy has been rejuvenated in recent years. Here, we report the development of the first genome-scale network model of cancer metabolism, validated by correctly identifying genes essential for cellular proliferation in cancer cell lines. The model predicts 52 cytostatic drug targets, of which 40\% are targeted by known, approved or experimental anticancer drugs, and the rest are new. It further predicts combinations of synthetic lethal drug targets, whose synergy is validated using available drug efficacy and gene expression measurements across the NCI-60 cancer cell line collection. Finally, potential selective treatments for specific cancers that depend on cancer type-specific downregulation of gene expression and somatic mutations are compiled.</p>},
	keywords = {Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation, Computational Biology, Cytostatic Agents, Down-Regulation, Drug Delivery Systems, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, HUMANS, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Models, Biological, Neoplasms, RNA, Small Interfering},
	issn = {1744-4292},
	doi = {10.1038/msb.2011.35},
	author = {Folger, Ori and Jerby, Livnat and Frezza, Christian and Gottlieb, Eyal and Ruppin, Eytan and Shlomi, Tomer}
}
@article {49642,
	title = {Members of a large retroposon family are determinants of post-transcriptional gene expression in Leishmania.},
	journal = {PLoS Pathog},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007 Sep 7},
	pages = {1291-307},
	abstract = {<p>Trypanosomatids are unicellular protists that include the human pathogens Leishmania spp. (leishmaniasis), Trypanosoma brucei (sleeping sickness), and Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease). Analysis of their recently completed genomes confirmed the presence of non-long-terminal repeat retrotransposons, also called retroposons. Using the 79-bp signature sequence common to all trypanosomatid retroposons as bait, we identified in the Leishmania major genome two new large families of small elements--LmSIDER1 (785 copies) and LmSIDER2 (1,073 copies)--that fulfill all the characteristics of extinct trypanosomatid retroposons. LmSIDERs are approximately 70 times more abundant in L. major compared to T. brucei and are found almost exclusively within the 3{\textquoteright}-untranslated regions (3{\textquoteright}UTRs) of L. major mRNAs. We provide experimental evidence that LmSIDER2 act as mRNA instability elements and that LmSIDER2-containing mRNAs are generally expressed at lower levels compared to the non-LmSIDER2 mRNAs. The considerable expansion of LmSIDERs within 3{\textquoteright}UTRs in an organism lacking transcriptional control and their role in regulating mRNA stability indicate that Leishmania have probably recycled these short retroposons to globally modulate the expression of a number of genes. To our knowledge, this is the first example in eukaryotes of the domestication and expansion of a family of mobile elements that have evolved to fulfill a critical cellular function.</p>},
	keywords = {3{\textquoteright} Untranslated Regions, Animals, Base Sequence, Biological Evolution, Down-Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Genome, Protozoan, Leishmania, Leishmania major, Molecular Sequence Data, Retroelements, RNA, Messenger, sequence alignment, Trypanosoma brucei brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi},
	issn = {1553-7374},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.ppat.0030136},
	author = {Bringaud, Frederic and M{\"u}ller, Michaela and Cerqueira, Gustavo Coutinho and Smith, Martin and Rochette, Annie and el-Sayed, Najib M A and Papadopoulou, Barbara and Ghedin, Elodie}
}
